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Garzon , P. Avoid contact with the eyes and skin. Maintain an ergonomically appropriate working environment. Breathing equipment: Use suitable respirator when high concentrations are present. Protection of hands: Impervious gloves Inspect gloves prior to use. The selection of suitable gloves not only depends on the material, but also on quality. Quality will vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Penetration time of glove material in minutes No data available Eye protection: Tightly sealed goggles Full face protection Body protection: Protective work clothing.
Information on basic physical and chemical properties Appearance: Form: Powder, beads, or solid in various forms Color: White to grey Odor: Odorless Odor threshold: No data available. Ignition temperature: No data available Decomposition temperature: No data available Autoignition: No data available.
Danger of explosion: No data available. Reactivity Reacts violently with water. Chemical stability Stable under recommended storage conditions. Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity: Swallowing will lead to a strong corrosive effect on mouth and throat and to the danger of perforation of esophagus and stomach.
Eye irritation or corrosion: Causes serious eye damage. Sensitization: No sensitizing effects known. Germ cell mutagenicity: No effects known. Reproductive toxicity: No effects known. Specific target organ system toxicity - repeated exposure: No effects known. Specific target organ system toxicity - single exposure: No effects known.
Aspiration hazard: No effects known. Subacute to chronic toxicity: No effects known. Additional toxicological information: To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
Toxicity Aquatic toxicity: No data available Persistence and degradability No data available Bioaccumulative potential No data available Mobility in soil No data available Additional ecological information: Do not allow material to be released to the environment without official permits.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities to reach groundwater, water courses, or sewage systems. Avoid transfer into the environment. Waste treatment methods Recommendation Consult official regulations to ensure proper disposal. Uncleaned packagings: Recommendation: Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
National regulations All components of this product are listed in the U. California Proposition 65 Prop 65 - Chemicals known to cause cancer Substance is not listed. Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity Substance is not listed. Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, female Substance is not listed. Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, male Substance is not listed.
Information about limitation of use: For use only by technically qualified individuals. Substance is not listed. Chemical safety assessment: A Chemical Safety Assessment has not been carried out. The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide.
The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions.
It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. See more Sodium products. Sodium atomic symbol: Na, atomic number: 11 is a Block D, Group 5, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is [2, 8, 1] and its electron configuration is [Ne] 3s 1.
The sodium atom has a radius of Sodium was discovered and first isolated by Sir Humphrey Davy in In its elemental form, sodium has a silvery-white metallic appearance.
It is the sixth most abundant element, making up 2. Sodium does not occur in nature as a free element and must be extracted from its compounds e. The name Sodium is thought to come from the Arabic word suda , meaning "headache" due to sodium carbonate's headache-alleviating properties , and its elemental symbol Na comes from natrium , its Latin name. Effect of molten sodium nitrate on the decomposition pathways of hydrated magnesium hydroxycarbonate to magnesium oxide probed by in situ total scattering.
Reaction with water: At first glance, magnesium oxide powder does not appear to react with water. However, the pH of the resulting solution is about 9, indicating that hydroxide ions have been produced. In fact, s ome magnesium hydroxide is formed in the reaction, but as the species is almost insoluble, few hydroxide ions actually dissolve.
The reaction is shown below:. Reaction with acids: Magnesium oxide reacts with acids as predicted for a simple metal oxide.
For example, it reacts with warm dilute hydrochloric acid to give magnesium chloride solution. Describing the properties of aluminum oxide can be confusing because it exists in a number of different forms. One of those forms is very unreactive known chemically as alpha-Al 2 O 3 and is produced at high temperatures. The following reactions concern the more reactive forms of the molecule. Aluminium oxide is amphoteric. It has reactions as both a base and an acid. Reaction with water: Aluminum oxide is insoluble in water and does not react like sodium oxide and magnesium oxide.
The oxide ions are held too strongly in the solid lattice to react with the water. Reaction with acids: Aluminum oxide contains oxide ions, and thus reacts with acids in the same way sodium or magnesium oxides do.
Aluminum oxide reacts with hot dilute hydrochloric acid to give aluminum chloride solution. Reaction with bases: Aluminum oxide also displays acidic properties, as shown in its reactions with bases such as sodium hydroxide.
Various aluminates compounds in which the aluminum is a component in a negative ion exist, which is possible because aluminum can form covalent bonds with oxygen. This is possible because the electronegativity difference between aluminum and oxygen is small, unlike the difference between sodium and oxygen, for example electronegativity increases across a period. Aluminum oxide reacts with hot, concentrated sodium hydroxide solution to produce a colorless solution of sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate:.
Silicon is too similar in electronegativity to oxygen to form ionic bonds. Therefore, because silicon dioxide does not contain oxide ions, it has no basic properties. In fact, it is very weakly acidic, reacting with strong bases. Reaction with water: Silicon dioxide does not react with water, due to the thermodynamic difficulty of breaking up its network covalent structure.
Reaction with bases : Silicon dioxide reacts with hot, concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, forming a colorless solution of sodium silicate:. In another example of acidic silicon dioxide reacting with a base, the Blast Furnace extraction of iron, calcium oxide from limestone reacts with silicon dioxide to produce a liquid slag, calcium silicate:.
Phosphorus III oxide: Phosphorus III oxide reacts with cold water to produce a solution of the weak acid, H 3 PO 3 —known as phosphorous acid, orthophosphorous acid or phosphonic acid:. The protons remain associated until water is added; even then, because phosphorous acid is a weak acid, few acid molecules are deprotonated.
Phosphorous acid has a pK a of 2. Phosphorus III oxide is unlikely to be reacted directly with a base. In phosphorous acid, the two hydrogen atoms in the -OH groups are acidic, but the third hydrogen atom is not.
Therefore, there are two possible reactions with a base like sodium hydroxide, depending on the amount of base added:. In the first reaction, only one of the protons reacts with the hydroxide ions from the base. In the second case using twice as much sodium hydroxide , both protons react.
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