Topic Overview What is an anal fissure? What causes an anal fissure? Injury can happen when: You pass a large stool. You are constipated and try to pass a hard stool. You have repeated diarrhea. You give birth. Childbirth can cause trauma to the anal canal. What are the symptoms? You may have: A sharp, stinging, or burning pain during bowel movements. Pain from a fissure may be quite severe.
It can be brief or last for several hours after a bowel movement. You may see a small spot of bright red blood on toilet tissue or a few drops in the toilet bowl. The blood from a fissure is separate from the stool.
Very dark, tarry stools or dark red blood mixed with stool may be a sign of a more serious problem. Tell your doctor if you have any bleeding with a bowel movement. How is an anal fissure diagnosed? The examination may include: Looking at the fissure by gently separating the buttocks. A digital rectal examination. The doctor inserts a gloved finger into the anal canal. This involves using a short, lighted scope to look into the anal canal. How is it treated? There are several steps you can take to relieve your symptoms and help the fissure heal: Try to prevent constipation.
For example: Include fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains in your diet each day. These foods are high in fibre. Drink plenty of fluids. Get some exercise every day. Take a fibre supplement, such as Benefibre or Metamucil, every day if needed.
Read and follow all instructions on the label. Use the toilet when you feel the urge. Or when you can, schedule time each day for a bowel movement. A daily routine may help. Take your time and do not strain when having a bowel movement. Do not sit on the toilet too long.
Try taking stool softeners or laxatives to make bowel movements less painful. Ask your doctor how long you should take laxatives. Top of the page. Your Care Instructions An anal fissure is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum anus. How can you care for yourself at home?
If your doctor prescribed cream or ointment, use it exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse call line if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes.
Sit in 8 to 10 centimetres 3 to 4 inches of warm water sitz bath 3 times a day and after bowel movements. The warm water helps the area heal and eases discomfort.
Do not put soaps, salts, or shampoos in the water. Avoid constipation: Include fruits, vegetables, beans, and whole grains in your diet each day. These foods are high in fibre.
Drink plenty of fluids. If you have kidney, heart, or liver disease and have to limit fluids, talk with your doctor before you increase the amount of fluids you drink. Get some exercise every day.
Take a fibre supplement, such as Benefibre, or Metamucil, every day if needed. Read and follow all instructions on the label. Use the toilet when you feel the urge. Or when you can, schedule time each day for a bowel movement.
A daily routine may help. Take your time and do not strain when having a bowel movement. But do not sit on the toilet too long. Drink plenty of fluids. Get some exercise every day. Take a fiber supplement, such as Benefiber, Citrucel, or Metamucil, every day if needed. Read and follow all instructions on the label. Use the toilet when you feel the urge. Or when you can, schedule time each day for a bowel movement. A daily routine may help.
Take your time and do not strain when having a bowel movement. But do not sit on the toilet too long. Try taking stool softeners or laxatives to make bowel movements less painful. Ask your doctor how long you should take laxatives.
Sit in a tub filled with a few inches of warm water for 20 minutes, 2 or 3 times a day. This is called a sitz bath. It soothes the torn tissue and helps relax the internal anal sphincter. Do not put soaps, salts, or shampoos in the water. These may help soothe anal tissues. But fiber and sitz baths help symptoms more. If the doctor gave you a prescription medicine for pain, take it as prescribed.
If you are not taking a prescription pain medicine, ask your doctor if you can take an over-the-counter medicine. Instead of using toilet paper, use baby wipes or medicated pads, such as Tucks pads or Preparation H wipes, to clean after a bowel movement. What happens if the fissure doesn't heal on its own? Anal fissure section of Hemorrhoids and other anorectal disorders. In MM Wolfe et al.
Philadelphia: Elsevier. American Gastroenterological Association Medical position statement: Diagnosis and care of patients with anal fissure.
Gastroenterology, 1 : — Marcello PW Diseases of the anorectum. In M Feldman et al. Philadelphia: Saunders. Nelson RL Operative procedures for fissure in ano. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Perry W, et al. Practice parameters for the management of anal fissures 3rd revision. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 53 8 : — Welton ML, et al. Anal fissure and ulcer section of Anorectum. In GM Doherty, ed.
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