The primary name of the new Brandenburg Gate was "Peace Gate" and the goddess in the Quadriga was originally named Eirene, the goddess of peace. Only with the victory over Napoleon, the goddess of peace turned into the goddess of victory. The Brandenburg Gate played different political roles in German history.
After the Prussian defeat in at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt, Napoleon was the first one, who used the Brandenburg Gate for a triumphal march and took the Quadriga along to Paris. The goddess Victoria was now equipped with a wreath of oak leaves, the Prussian eagle and the Iron Cross on her lance.
The Quadriga was installed in east direction, as it originally did in Only the royal family and members of the Pfuel family between and were allowed to walk through the central archway. When the Nazis rise began, the Brandenburg Gate was used as a party symbol.
In World War II the gate was badly damaged from bullets and bombs, which caused nearby explosions. However, the gate survived World War II with quite a few damages. With Germanys capitulation and the end of the war, the holes [of the gate] were patched in a joint effort by the governments of East and West Berlin.
It was here that on June 12, , Ronald Regan issued his stern command to his cold war adversary admonishing him with the words: "Mr. Gorbachov — tear down this wall! Brandenburg Gate has turned into a symbol of unity When Germany was reunified following the fall of the Berlin in November Brandenburg Gate quickly reinvented itself into the New Berlin's symbol of unity.
It was officially opened to traffic on December 22, and , people came to celebrate the occasion. Unfortunately this also resulted in severe damage to the monument which needed to be restored and was only officially reopened on October 3, Prussian sovereign Friedrich Wilhelm II was looking for a suitable architectural statement to enhance the approach into the Boulevard Unter den Linden.
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Wrong language? Built not to defend the city, but to tax people as they traveled in and out of town, the Customs Wall was intended to reduce the power of the estates general the clergy, wealthy merchants, and lesser nobles by transferring their capital to the crown who spent it on a large professional army to expand the kingdom.
Fifty years later, King Frederick William II decided that the Customs Wall, while useful, was not an aesthetically pleasing way to enter the city. He wanted a much grander entrance befitting royalty but that would also serve to impress and intimidate visitors.
Of the eighteen small gates originally set into the wall, only one led to the royal palace on the outskirts of Berlin and to the city of Brandenburg beyond. It was at this site that the monument known today as the Brandenburg Gate would be constructed. Completed in by architect Carl Gotthard Langhans and sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow, Brandenburg Gate was a Neoclassical masterpiece that immediately became one of the most recognizable structure in Berlin.
In , the city of Berlin was invaded by France. After eight years as a French satellite, Prussia rebelled against Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo.
The Prussian army was able to seize the quadriga and return it to its rightful place. To mark this new victory, the goddess statue was supplemented with an Iron Cross, a military decoration first given to Prussian soldiers who fought in the Napoleonic Wars, and the Black Eagle, the primary element of the Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia.
These two additions suggest that the symbolism of Brandenburg Gate had shifted slightly, focusing less on the power of the Prussian king and more on the power of the Prussian military.
This victory over France and the increased national pride that followed was exaggerated over the course of the next century, eventually becoming a devastating nationalism that led to the rise of Adolph Hitler and his Fascist government in
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